Researchers at IITM who worked towards developing strategies for imporving braking performance are
Professor C.S. Shankar Ram of Department of Engineering Design at IIT Madras and his PhD student Dr. V.S. Kesavan.

The work of researchers at IITM could help implement a braking system in Electrified Vehicles, which can improve the stopping distance and ride comfort in the presence of regenerative braking.

Researchers at IITM work for improving great performance

Although such strategies have been developed for lighter road vehicles, there is a lack of strategies through which the braking performance of heavy commercial road vehicles (such as buses and trucks) can be improved through ‘regenerative braking,’ say researchers at IITM.

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Professor Shankar said given the increasing adoption of electrified heavy road vehicles, it is imperative to study their dynamic response during on-road operation.

Brakes are used to ensure safe operation of vehicles, and this research focusses on the braking of electrified heavy road vehicles, he said.

Speaking further about braking system, researchers at IITM said there are two types – Friction Based Braking System and Regenerative Braking System.

Friction Based Braking system is where the drivers in conventional fossil fuel based heavy vehicles uses brake pedal to regulate a pneumatic system whose output force is used to stop the vehicle using friction braking, said researchers at IITM.

The kinetic energy of the vehicle due to its moving state is converted to heat energy.

Thus, a part of the energy obtained from burning the fuel is wasted in the form of heat energy dissipated during friction braking.

The regenerative braking does not turn sufficient in all conditions, said researchers at IITM.

When the battery is fully charged or when the speed of it goes down beyond a particular limit, regenerative braking is not available, total brake force has to be applied only through friction braking, said researchers at IITM.

Researchers at IITM said taking into consideration the above situation, both the braking systems – friction braking system and regenerative braking system must be used in a cooperative manner so that energy is also conserved and vehicle also stops within a reasonable distance.

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If cooperative braking system is used, electrified vehicles could get the best of both the systems.

However, the question is how to ensure both the systems work efficiently so that vehicles stop within a reasonable distance with no jerks experienced during the shift between the two braking systems for good ride comfort, said researchers at IITM.

Professor C.S. Shankar Ram said due to the faster response of regenerative braking, its switch-off can cause momentary perturbations in vehicle’s deceleration and its associated vehicle dynamic parameters until the friction brake system increases its brake pressure to meet the desired brake demand from the driver.

This situation disturbs the driver’s brake feel momentary due to the difference in the dynamic response characteristics of these two braking systems, he said.

The researchers at IITM tried to understand what happens when both the braking systems are applied together in heavy vehicles.

Also, researchers at IITM evaluated how braking performance is affected when the regenerative brake is switched off instantaneously and gradually.

Researchers at IITM studied the effects of these strategies on both laden and unladen heavy road vehicles and considered two types of roads, i.e., dry and icy.

Various strategies were evaluated through appropriate experiments performed in a Hardware-in-Loop experimental setup equipped with ‘IPG TruckMaker’, a commercially-used vehicle dynamic simulation software.

What was the result? Researchers at IITM found out that on a dry road, use of both brake systems reduced the vehicle stopping distance by 2.1 m (about half a car’s length).

Researchers at IITM also found that when the regenerative braking was switched-off gradually, the effect of different dynamic characteristics of friction brake and regenerative brake reduces the percentage of momentary variation in the longitudinal deceleration by 80%.

In the pitch motion by 79%, in the suspension deflection by 87% and in the wheel slip ratio by 90% compared with instantaneous switch-off.

These provide better driver braking feel, ride comfort and vehicle stability.

Hence, the strategies developed by this study will ensure that one can get good ride comfort along with meeting desired brake demand and is therefore important for consideration by the electrified vehicle market.

Researchers at IITM expect that the vehicle dynamic performance during active braking control would improve due to smooth dynamic transition between friction braking and regenerative braking which would help in the appropriate design of active safety systems for electrified vehicles.

Both are two great academic programs that prepare students for a career related to the marine world.

While these two courses offer knowledge and skill set required to commence careers related to the marine world, but there is enough confusion among the students when it comes to choosing the courses.

Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering Eligibility

Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering eligibility is about the criteria students must fulfill to be eligible to apply for these courses. More information about Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering eligibility criteria is mentioned below:

– Marine Engineering: Pass your 10+2 examinations with a minimum of 60% marks in physics, chemistry, and mathematics.

– Ocean Engineering: Pass your 10+2 examinations with a minimum of 60% marks in physics, chemistry, and mathematics, with a strong foundation in biology and environmental science.

Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering differences

Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering differences is about unique points related to both of these academic programs. These points differentiate both the courses from each other and are not common between them. Details regarding Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering differences are provided below:

– Marine Engineering: Focuses on the design, construction, and maintenance of ships, boats, and other marine vessels.

– Ocean Engineering: Focuses on the design, construction, and maintenance of offshore platforms, pipelines, and other ocean-based infrastructure.

Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering similarities

Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering similarities is about those points that are common to both the academic programs. These points feature equally in both the courses. Details about Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering are provided below:

– Interdisciplinary Approach: Both fields require an interdisciplinary approach, combining principles from engineering, physics, mathematics, and environmental science.

– Problem-Solving Skills: Both fields require strong problem-solving skills, with an emphasis on analytical thinking, creativity, and innovation.

Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering course lessons

Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering course lessons is about the subjects that would be taught to students of these courses. The details are mentioned below for the sake of the students:

– Marine propulsion systems

– Ship stability and dynamics

– Marine electrical systems

Ocean Engineering:

– Oceanography and marine geology

– Offshore platform design and construction

– Pipeline engineering

– Coastal engineering and management

Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering admission process

Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering admission process is about the procedure to be followed by educational institutions to admit students into these courses.

Information regarding Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering admission process is mentioned below for the sake the students. The admission process involves:

– Entrance Exams: Appear for entrance exams like JEE Main, JEE Advanced, or state-level exams.

– Counseling: Participate in counseling sessions conducted by the respective colleges or universities.

– Seat Allocation: Secure a seat in a reputable college based on your entrance exam scores and counseling sessions.

Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering colleges

This is about the educational institutions offering the courses, these colleges are located across India and are quite popular. Details are mentioned below for the sake of the students:

Marine Engineering

South India

– Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi

– Indian Maritime University, Chennai

– HIMT College, Chennai

– CMC, Coimbatore

East India

– C.V. Raman Global University, Bhubaneswar

– MAKAUT, Kolkata

– Lovely Professional University

– Chandigarh University

West India

– Marine Engineering and Research Institute, Mumbai

– Ganpat University, Mehsana

Ocean Engineering

South India

– Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM)

– Academy of Maritime Education and Training University (AMET)

– Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT)

East India

– Indian Maritime University (IMU), Kolkata

– The Neotia University

West India

– Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB)

– Ganpat University

Other Notable Colleges

– National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK)

– Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering

Fees

This is the amount to be paid while studying the course, while marine engineering may cost Rs 40,000 to Rs 1,00,000 per year, the same for ocean engineering likely stands at Rs 55,000 to Rs 2,00,000 per year.

Points to remember

Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering are two great courses, details provided above are general in nature and are meant to provide basic guidance to students when it comes to choosing the courses.

The information has been provided after approaching various sources in both online and offline platforms, there may be changes due to various reasons with regards to fees, course names, course continuity, colleges offering the courses and so on.

Students willing to know more information with regards to Marine Engineering vs Ocean Engineering may also refer various sources to get details.

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